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Chemical Bonding

Chemical bonding is the study of how atoms attach to one another to form molecules and compounds, driven by their attraction to achieve a more stable, lower-energy arrangement of electrons. Atoms bond mainly by either sharing electrons (called covalent bonding) or by fully transferring electrons from one atom to another, creating charged particles called ions that attract each other (ionic bonding). Understanding these bonds explains why substances have the properties they do, such as why salt is brittle and water is liquid at room temperature.